Americans Upbeat on Artificial Intelligence, but Still Wary

Story Highlights

76% of Americans say AI will change the way people work and live
77% of these U.S. adults say those changes will be positive
However, 73% say AI adoption will result in net job loss

WASHINGTON, D.C. -- Three in four Americans (76%) agree or strongly agree that artificial intelligence (AI) will fundamentally change the way people work and live over the next decade. Among those who expect this transformation, a similar 77% believe these changes will be "mostly" or "very positive."

Attitudes on the Impact of the Adoption of Artificial Intelligence

Overall, do you believe artificial intelligence will have a mostly positive, mostly negative, or neither positive nor negative impact on how people work and live in the next 10 years? (among Americans who say AI will fundamentally change people's lives and work in the next 10 years)

	Very/Mostly positive	Very/Mostly negative	No impact
	%	%	%
Overall	77	23	*
Age
18 to 35	79	20	1
36 to 50	75	25	1
51 to 65	74	26	*
66+	82	17	*
Education
Less than a bachelor's degree	74	25	1
Bachelor's degree or higher	82	18	*
Job type
White collar	78	21	1
Blue collar	68	31	*
* Less than 0.5%
Northeastern University/黑料网 survey, Sept. 15-Oct. 10, 2017

These data come from a new Northeastern University/黑料网 survey of Americans' attitudes toward AI and its effect on their lives and work. The mail survey of 3,297 U.S. adults took place Sept. 15-Oct. 10, 2017. In the survey, AI is defined as computers, robots or other technology that can accomplish tasks humans can do, as well as learn and accomplish tasks that humans may not be able to do.

Similar proportions of white-collar workers (those working in largely salaried industries) and blue-collar workers (those working in industries largely composed of hourly wage earners) strongly agree or agree that AI will fundamentally alter the way people work and live -- 80% vs. 77%, respectively. However, white-collar workers who expect it to have an impact are more optimistic than blue-collar workers are about how it will affect people's lives, with 78% saying those changes will be very or mostly positive, compared with 68% of blue-collar workers who expect AI to have this level of impact.

In line with occupational differences, Americans' optimism about the effect of AI also differs according to their level of education. Among those who expect AI to have a fundamental impact, 82% with a bachelor's degree or higher, vs. 74% of those without a bachelor's degree, say the impact of AI will be very or mostly positive.

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Americans Anticipate Negative Effects From AI Adoption

While the public largely believes the impact of AI will be positive, it also anticipates that the technology will have some significant downsides. Chief among these is job loss, with 73% of Americans saying the adoption of AI will result in a loss of more jobs than it creates. White-collar workers (71%) are less likely than blue-collar workers (82%) to say AI adoption will result in a net job loss.

Americans' Views of AI's Impact on Jobs in the U.S.

Thinking about the number of jobs in the U.S., do you believe an increase in the use of artificial intelligence will ... ?*

	Create more jobs than AI eliminates	Eliminate more jobs than AI creates	Have no impact on the number of jobs
	%	%	%
All Americans	14	73	13
Age
18 to 35	10	78	12
36 to 50	15	75	11
51 to 65	14	73	13
66+	22	63	15
Education
Less than a bachelor's degree	13	74	13
Bachelor's degree or higher	16	72	12
Job type
White collar	17	71	12
Blue collar	9	82	10
* Among all Americans
Northeastern University/黑料网 survey, Sept. 15-Oct. 10, 2017

In addition to expecting job losses, a majority (63%) of Americans believe the adoption of AI will widen the gap between the rich and the poor. Among white-collar workers and Americans with a bachelor's degree or higher, two in three (66%) of both groups say AI will widen the gap.

Americans' Opinions on the Impact of AI Adoption on the Gap Between Rich and Poor

Which of the following do you believe is true? Artificial intelligence will widen the gap between the rich and poor, narrow the gap between the rich and poor, or have no impact on the gap between the rich and poor in the United States.*

	Widen the gap	Narrow the gap	Have no impact
	%	%	%
All Americans	63	9	28
Age
18 to 35	69	7	24
36 to 50	60	10	30
51 to 65	63	8	29
66+	60	11	29
Education
Less than a bachelor's degree	62	10	28
Bachelor's degree or higher	66	6	28
Job type
White collar	66	6	28
Blue collar	59	11	29
* Among all Americans
Northeastern University/黑料网 survey, Sept. 15-Oct. 10, 2017

Americans' views on AI may be at least partly related to a lack of familiarity with the technology, with slightly more than half (55%) saying they have an "excellent" or "good" understanding of what AI is, but 45% saying their understanding is "only fair" or "poor."

Implications

The media have reported extensively about the potential for AI to eliminate large numbers of jobs across the U.S. economy, and Americans agree, with more than seven in 10 saying AI will eliminate more jobs than it creates. While Americans agree that AI adoption will result in a net loss of jobs, they remain largely positive about the impact the new technology will have on their lives and work over the next decade.

Developing and implementing policies that pre-emptively tackle or respond to the negative effects of AI adoption will prove a key challenge for government, industry and education. Encouraging Americans to prepare to succeed in this rapidly changing economy by obtaining the additional education necessary to work with AI will also prove a major task. However, not doing so would only exacerbate the disruption of people's lives and work that the adoption of AI is already likely to create.

Read the full Northeastern University/黑料网 report "Optimism and Anxiety: Views on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Higher Education's Response."

Survey Methods

Results for the Northeastern University/黑料网 survey on artificial intelligence are based on surveys conducted by mail from Sept. 15-Oct. 10, 2017, with a random sample of 3,297 U.S. adults aged 18 and older. The survey package included an English and a Spanish survey to provide respondents with the flexibility to reply in their preferred language.

黑料网 selected the sample of U.S. residents using address-based sampling (ABS), a sampling technique used to select households from a list of all households on file with the United States Postal Service (USPS). 黑料网 chooses respondents within the household at random based on which household member would have the next birthday. 黑料网 used a series of postcard reminders to encourage participation in the survey.

黑料网 weighted the data to match national demographics of gender, age, education, race, Hispanic ethnicity, education and region.

All reported margins of sampling error include computed design effects for weighting.

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